VERA Platform_437 Țara Lăpușului "T\u00e2rgu L\u0103pu\u0219 is a town in Maramure\u0219 County, northern Transylvania, Romania. It administers thirteen villages: Boiereni (Bo\u00e9rfalva), Borcut (Bork\u00fat), Cufoaia (Koh\u00f3patak), D\u0103m\u0103cu\u0219eni (Domokos), Dobricu L\u0103pu\u0219ului (L\u00e1posdebrek), Dumbrava (Kisdebrecen), F\u00e2nt\u00e2nele (until 1960 Poiana Porcului; L\u00e1pospataka), Groape (Groppa), In\u0103u (\u00dcn\u0151mez\u0151), R\u0103zoare (Macskamez\u0151), Rogoz (Rogoz), Rohia (Rohi), and Stoiceni (Sztojkafalva)." Romanian Landscape IMAGE University of St Andrews VERA Platform "T\u00e2rgu L\u0103pu\u0219 is a town in Maramure\u0219 County, northern Transylvania, Romania. It administers thirteen villages: Boiereni (Bo\u00e9rfalva), Borcut (Bork\u00fat), Cufoaia (Koh\u00f3patak), D\u0103m\u0103cu\u0219eni (Domokos), Dobricu L\u0103pu\u0219ului (L\u00e1posdebrek), Dumbrava (Kisdebrecen), F\u00e2nt\u00e2nele (until 1960 Poiana Porcului; L\u00e1pospataka), Groape (Groppa), In\u0103u (\u00dcn\u0151mez\u0151), R\u0103zoare (Macskamez\u0151), Rogoz (Rogoz), Rohia (Rohi), and Stoiceni (Sztojkafalva)." Image "" image/jpeg Maria Bruno Néo Image "" Image "The components that define the image of the traditional costume are the traiste (shoulder bags) and desagi (saddle bags). These items serve both a functional-utilitarian and an informational-aesthetic role.\r\nTheir purpose and usability distinguish them as tr\u0103istu\u021be (small bags), trai\u0219te (larger shoulder bags), and desagi (saddle bags).\r\nThe variation within this group of items was determined by criteria such as size, color, ornamentation, and the raw materials used. Based on the materials from which they were made, traiste and desagi could be crafted from hemp, wool, or finely woven wool (l\u00e2ni\u021b\u0103).\r\nThe way these bags were carried also differed. Tr\u0103istu\u021bele and trai\u0219tele were worn over the shoulder or diagonally, in a style called "arce\u0219te". Desagi, on the other hand, were carried bilaterally, either over the shoulder or across a saddle. They were most commonly made from a single integral piece of fabric. Tr\u0103istu\u021bele and trai\u0219tele were complemented by baier\u0103, br\u00e2u, or bat\u0103, which helped support and carry them over the shoulder . These straps could be made by twisting multiple threads together, weaving them with two heddles, or handpicking the patterns. Some tr\u0103istu\u021be and desagi featured pave (folded extensions) that made them more spacious.\r\nTr\u0103istu\u021bele were an essential accessory for children, especially for those attending school, as they were used to carry textbooks and other school supplies at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. According to field informants, tr\u0103istu\u021bele were also used by children when they went Christmas carolling (colindatul) and New Year\u2019s Eve wishing (uratul), where they collected the gifts offered by the householders as tokens of goodwill and prosperity." Movable Heritage "One of the most important manifestations of traditional culture, the result of the creative effort of a whole community and a real brand\r\nof identity, is the traditional\/popular costume. In Maramures, the most important piece of clothing and the element that establishes the genesis of the Romanian folk costume is the shirt, which synthesizes the most traditional elements and, at the same time,\r\nthe most numerous artistic elements of ornamentation. For both man and women the belt is a defining part of the shirt, that beyond its functionality, simbolizes the magic protective circle. The women belt that in some areas of Maramures can have a length up to 4 meters it secures both the shirt and the skirt and protects the ones whom wears it from evil, ensuring prosperity and fertility. " Movable Heritage "By definition, the zg\u0103rdan is a narrow band adorned with multicolored beads, either woven or braided, worn by girls around the neck or by men on their hats." Movable Heritage "A decorative item used in household, it distinctive for the area of S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba, Maramure\u0219." Movable Heritage "A decorative item used in household, it is distinctive for the area of S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba, Maramure\u0219, because of its decorative style and colors.The Cerga de S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba (S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba wool blanket) shrinks to its proper size only in the v\u00e2ltoare (a traditional water-powered washing whirlpool), whereas other cergi (wool blankets) are further processed after v\u00e2ltorare by being passed through a piu\u0103 (a fulling mechanism) that beats the fabric until it reaches a p\u0103nur\u0103 (felt-like texture).\r\n\r\nThe Cerga de S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba is woven using four heddles with a wool warp, while other cergi may also use cotton or hemp warp threads in addition to wool." Movable Heritage "The items are part of a girl\u2019s traditional costume. Historically the girls of the ethnographic area of L\u0103pu\u0219 used to wear such clothing attire as daily outfit, but with the passing of time the traditional costume is worn only on special occasions such as on holidays, weddings, etc. \r\nThe traditional costume is one of the most important manifestations of traditional culture, the result of the creative effort of a whole community and a real identity brand. The dominant note of the elements that compose the Romanian folk costume is the use of white fabrics made of natural f ibres (plant and animal). Particular attention is paid to the long and difficult technological processes of producing clothing elements in the world of the traditional village, weaving a whole system of beliefs and customs in this regard. The traditional production of costumes relied on local resources such as wool, hemp, linen, and cotton. The most relevant piece of this attire and the element that \r\nestablishes the genesis of the Romanian folk costume is the shirt, which synthesises the most traditional elements and, at the same time, the most numerous artistic elements of ornamentation. In traditional spirituality, the embellishments that are used to decorate the shirt are not just decorative signs, but they have a much deeper spiritual meaning and play a protective role for the person wearing the clothing item. The symbols and various shapes embroidered on traditional costumes embody the identity of the people in a mixture and contraposition of sacred and mundane, faith and pagan superstitions, creative genius and practical functions." Movable Heritage "The items are part of a girl\u2019s traditional costume. Historically the girls of the ethnographic area of L\u0103pu\u0219 used to wear such clothing attire as daily outfit, but with the passing of time the traditional costume is worn only on special occasions such as on holidays, weddings, etc. \r\nThe traditional costume is one of the most important manifestations of traditional culture, the result of the creative effort of a whole community and a real identity brand. The dominant note of the elements that compose the Romanian folk costume is the use of white fabrics made of natural f ibres (plant and animal). Particular attention is paid to the long and difficult technological processes of producing clothing elements in the world of the traditional village, weaving a whole system of beliefs and customs in this regard. The traditional production of costumes relied on local resources such as wool, hemp, linen, and cotton. The most relevant piece of this attire and the element that \r\nestablishes the genesis of the Romanian folk costume is the shirt, which synthesises the most traditional elements and, at the same time, the most numerous artistic elements of ornamentation. In traditional spirituality, the embellishments that are used to decorate the shirt are not just decorative signs, but they have a much deeper spiritual meaning and play a protective role for the person wearing the clothing item. The symbols and various shapes embroidered on traditional costumes embody the identity of the people in a mixture and contraposition of sacred and mundane, faith and pagan superstitions, creative genius and practical functions." Movable Heritage "" Intangable Heritage ".S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba is not a common village, precisely because it holds on its territory a rare treasure, hard to value in money or words \u2013 CIMITIRUL VESEL (THE MERRY CEMETERY). The Merry Cemetery of S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba \u2013 globally unique and world value monument, where tomb\u2019s crosses are not only guarding the graves, but they are also explicitly speaking in words. The Merry Cemetery of S\u0103p\u00e2n\u021ba, where the epitaphs, unique in the word, show the richness and originality of the Romanian life philosophy and the Romanian mentality of thinking lively and authentically even about after-life things." Intangable Heritage "" application/vnd.google-earth.kml+xml Shape "Creates clothes with her daughter Stan Maria." Artisan "Creates clothes with her mother Dominica Stan." Artisan "The artisan who create the Beaded collar in the VERA Platform." Artisan "She was born in Rona de Jos commune, in an area where Romanian, Hungarian and Ukrainian ethnic minorities lived as a community. Singing in her family was a usual activity, she was naturally gifted. Her grandmother was the \u201cgodmother\u201d of her village and she was invited to all cultural events in the area as a singer, even to funerals as she was the only one entitled to undergo all customs and specific traditions and local practices." Artisan "She was born in Rona de Jos commune, in an area where Romanian, Hungarian and Ukrainian ethnic minorities lived as a community. Singing in her family was a usual activity, she was naturally gifted. Her grandmother was the \u201cgodmother\u201d of her village and she was invited to all cultural events in the area as a singer, even to funerals as she was the only one entitled to undergo all customs and specific traditions and local practices." Artisan "" Artisan 47.4519686 23.8633327